FDM 3D printers, also known as Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printers or filament 3D printers. FDM is an abbreviation of "Fused Deposition Modeling". This technology involves extruding thermoplastic filaments through a heated nozzle, which melts the material. The printer then deposits the molten filament layer by layer, following a predetermined path, to build up the 3D object from the bottom up. After each layer is deposited, the build platform lowers, and the next layer is applied, adhering to the previous one. FDM is one of the most widely used 3D printing technologies, known for its simplicity, versatility, and cost-effectiveness.